Ketamine |
17) Information on Ketamine
Drug Facts: Ketamine is a general
dissociative anaesthetic for human and veterinary use. Its hydrochloride salt
is sold as Ketanest®, Ketaset®, and Ketalar®. Pharmacologically it
is very similar to other dissociative anesthetics such as tiletamine and
phencyclidine (PCP Ketamine was first synthesized in 1962 in an attempt to find
a safer anaesthetic alternative to PCP, which was more likely to cause
hallucinations and seizures. The drug was first used on American soldiers
during the Vietnam War, but is often avoided now because it can cause
unpleasant out-of-body experiences. It is still used widely in veterinary
medicine, and for select human applications.
Ketamine's
"unpleasant" side effects prompted its first psychedelic use in 1965. The drug
was used in psychiatric and other academic research through the 1970s,
culminating in 1978 with the publishing of John Lilly's The Scientist, a book
documenting the author's ketamine, LSD, and isolation tank experiments. The
incidence of recreational ketamine use increased through the end of the
century, among teens and young adults especially in the context of raves and
other parties. The increase in illicit use prompted ketamine's placement in
Schedule III of the United States Controlled Substance Act in August 1999. In
the United Kingdom, it became outlawed and labelled a Class C drug on January
1, 2006.
Marketed as a dissociative general anesthetic for
human and veterinary use, the only known source of Ketamine is via diversion of
pharmaceutical products. Recent press reports indicate that a significant
number of veterinary clinics are being robbed specifically for their Ketamine
stock. DEA reporting indicates that a major source of Ketamine in the United
States is product diverted from pharmacies in Mexico.
Effects: Use of the drug can cause delirium,
amnesia, depression, and long-term memory and cognitive difficulties. Due to
its dissociative effect, it is reportedly used as a date-rape drug. Higher
doses produce an effect referred to as "K-Hole," an "out of body," or
"near-death" experience.
Street Names:
jet, super acid, Special "K", green, K, cat Valium.
Mode of Use:: Ketamine comes in a clear liquid and a
white or off-white powder form. The liquid form can be injected, consumed in
drinks, or added to smokable materials. The powder form can be used for
injection when dissolved. In certain areas, Ketamine is being injected
intramuscularly
Rehabilitation: Successful rehabilitation
includes a calm, stress free environment, plenty of liquids, and replenishing
of vitamins that have been burned out of the body. Use of a mild sedative to
help sleep is often helpful, as the lack of sleep is what can cause the
hallucinations. After feeling physically better, proper rehabilitation therapy
can commence that deals with relapse prevention, dealing with the reasons the
addict turned to drugs in the first place, and any personal failings that need
strengthening. It is highly recommended that a daily routine of proper
exercise, nutrition, and rest be followed as effective relapse and craving
prevention. Ideally a cleansing program would be also administered to help rid
the body of the residual toxins that can impair health in the future and cause
cravings.
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